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artefactual evidence


Etched sample of unworked bloomery iron (photomicrograph)

Contents of one box in the National Slag Collection

Highly vesicular bloomery slag

Conferences
more comparative studies

comparing excavated sites

experimental reconstruction

experimental archaeology


Documentary record search

Part of an early blast furnace (Araglin, Ireland)
Crafts

Outcrop of sideritic ore overhanging sandstone
& just digging

Open cast iron ore mining, Romano-British

Activity frequency mapping (iron works)